What Happened To Kate Of Kates Playground

e-Government and Administrative Bylaws

Next week, on days 22 (Thursday) and 23 (Friday) will be held in Toledo International Congress " eGovernment as a new model of Public Administration " under the coordination of teachers UCLM Luis Ortega and Isaac Martin. The event is also part of the activities promoted by the ICT law Network coordinated by Professor Lorenzo Bone Cotino ; network that undoubtedly thanks to its momentum, has grown to become a benchmark in the events and publications related to this subject. Conference attendance is free, which certainly is an incentive to participate, taking into account also the prices that are envisaged in other activities on this subject. What are the fads!

How To Build A False Wall In Closet

In recent months we have witnessed a hasty movement in the local area is the adoption of specific ordinances in the field of eGovernment. Beyond mere compliance with Law 11/2007 before December 31, 2009 and the controversy about how interpret the presence or absence of available funding, the process of technological modernization that are embedded in local authority should be seen as an opportunity to rethink the procedures and information flows, so that when it identifies the existence of an obstacle or barrier to effectiveness of administrative modernization in harnessing technology to resolve it. In particular, the use of electronic means can be a great opportunity to eliminate paperwork and documentation requirements, from practice, have proved unnecessary or inappropriate, giving technical parameters from more regulation appropriate. In particular, the right accorded to citizens under Article 35.f) of LRJAP-no longer produce documents held by the local authority, can be solved in a better measure if properly articulated system of access to electronic information all with full respect for the rules on data protection. Moreover, during this process can be detected and regulatory provisions, in general, legal guarantees are outdated and, therefore, need of an update from a technological perspective.

However, this approach can succeed only when you find the right leadership and support for authorities and staff to the municipal administration. In particular, it is essential that one of the team members push the government to take administrative modernization project as part of their powers, while it must provide a cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe remaining functions of the councils, so that the whole organization receives its leading role in the process and the various energies can be channeled and special initiatives throughout the project. This dynamic is essential for the development of a municipal ordinance on the matter, so that the doubts and problems are solved in an efficient and motivated, driven to his leadership. No However, given the claim that the ordinance takes into account the conditions, limits and requirements of the administration, is also fundamental that has a team of contributors who provide the daily management perspective, being transcendental is not owned or exclusive or majority to municipal information service. Beyond

to effectiveness from this perspective, the effectiveness constitutionally required (Article 103) also calls for an interpretation from the perspective of the rights of citizens. Indeed, apart from the benefits and possibilities that technological modernization offers from an internal perspective, investment and the effort involved in e-government must be justified from a democratic perspective of citizen service, and in this sense, the ordinance should serve to define and strengthen its legal position in relations with the Administration. Otherwise, their confidence in the fears and risks of technology can be affected, even to be perceived as a threat rather than an opportunity. In this regard, overcoming the limitations and constraints imposed by technology, the possibilities of communication with citizens and these with the local authority to it from the widest possible perspective, with special emphasis in services that can provide added value to the citizen, as is the case with the regulation of electronic records.

Third, although in close connection with the above discussion, the adoption of the ordinance on eGovernment should be seen as an element to strengthen legal certainty, both from a management perspective and from an external account in relations with citizens. In this regard, it should express the need to ensure the submission to law and technology, from this perspective, the adoption of the ordinance, provided that you include appropriate estimates can be considered the occasion to show that legal safeguards are not an obstacle but rather a requirement and a requirement inexcusable.

Ultimately, the adoption of the ordinance eGovernment is an unavoidable requirement to comply with the provisions of the LAE, although, it must be noted that the new regulation is basic and certainly presents a complete and legal framework systematic, therefore, would adopt an ordinance based on a minimal approach, proceeding without the application of state regulation. However, since detailed, has introduced the LAE criteria mainly based on flexibility, so that sometimes, as with the identification and authentication, allows for different and multiple options must be specified in each municipality in addressing their needs and requirements, cases in which results from great importance to have a project and clearly defined institutional leadership. At other times, however, still requires the basic regulation is left to each local entity specific conditions and requirements to comply with the legal-case, for example, the electronic bulletin boards or / Virtual ads, so that the electronic instruments to adapt to local peculiarities, in particular, for each organization.

Spanish Phrase Get Well Soon

e-mail management and security

few days ago I had the pleasure to share with colleagues an interesting participation in summer courses at the University Pablo de Olavide in Carmona, in a course entitled "surveillance society and data protection" (see news in Blog Bartolomé Borrego). Specifically my speech took place at the round table on security and eGovernment, for which I found very useful the news came just days before one of my favorite blogs: Notes information security. In short, there was clear how to focus the intervention, but again Javier Cao helped me find an approach that focused solely on a legal approach, or, rather, to offer interest to lawyers and for those who did not have such a condition, because surely the audience would integrands both as each other.
The first question that struck me was conceptual: what the hell I say it's the security? Nothing, and I am very devoted to the dictionary, I find the SAR offers heterogeneous meanings: quality insurance, free and clear of any danger, harm or risk; true, indubitable and infallible somewhat ; firm, steady and is not in danger of failing or falling, not suspicious ... And the question is very clear: if all that we apply to e-Government, do you really think someone who is safe? Is there widespread concern in public administration in issues related to security, or just some "crazy on the hill" is concerned with these issues? Since then, I think the ordinary citizen distrust of government, which together with a lack of ICT culture is undoubtedly a dangerous cocktail from the point of view of confidence ... And he has reason to distrust: the times that one comes face to face with applications that do not work and errors are systematically or poorly designed, often asking us for the umpteenth time that roles and has his own acting administration (violating a right that has existed since 1992), the digital divide ... Not to mention some cases (which I know from direct explanation of a hit) in which to raise at trial the issue of the security measures of a relevant state body that allows indiscriminate access to third party information to the State Attorney referred to a alleged Law Database ...
Luckily, as a lawyer, I had a solution: I enrocaré in certainty, but to be honest I was not convinced, so I started trying to find reasons. The scheme legal framework for e-administration "is characterized by the certainty of its rules? It really is predictable application? Phew, shaking the fence. Certainly, we must recognize that the Law 11/2007 (LAE) has made undeniable progress in relation to the previous situation, to the extent that it is one of the most advanced laws in Europe which has helped solve many of legal barriers existitían before in Spain. But the fact remains that there are many gaps and unresolved problems, including:

• there is a clear lack of coordination between Law 30/1992 and LAE in some areas;
• the LAE does not deals with data protection (limited to state to pass), regardless of the Data Protection Act is based on a model for protecting itself from the early / mid 90's, where the Internet was very, very different and hardly anyone knew or what you were talking;
ESSENTIAL
• some of the LAE estimates are non-basic, so not subject to certain guarantees to any Adminitración (ex.: the case of automated actions);
• recognition rights is not always the best methodology to impose obligations on the administration, especially if it is not clear title to them until after he exercised (Right not to submit documents of art. 6.2.b LAE) or you can give them or exercise them without further justification (if the choice of channel).

Finally, though it hurts me to say, from any perspective I could say that day eGovernment Carmona was safe. I though Mal!

Welcome Address By School

DCG: notation of grammar rules in Prolog parsers and tokenization

grammatical notation DCG (Definite Clause Grammar, Castilian grammar of clauses defined ) is a syntactic variant or extension of the regular syntax Prolog, which aims to implement gram ; formal policies for short, and therefore simpler and more readable parser written in this language, its ability to handle information (meaning by this "variables") implied. His expression is a shorthand notation syntax Prolog language, collected by almost all parsers and current for this language interpreters, which transform automatically and internal standard clauses. In the notation DCG the infix operator "-" is replaced by the operator of the same character "-->", and can establish, by way of example, the following correspondence between notations, the first Prolog clause in ordinary syntax, and the second DCG notation equivalent:

sentence (S0, S) - sintagma_nominal (S0, S1) sintagma_verbal (S1, S).
prayer -> sintagma_nominal, sintagma_verbal.

The above Prolog clause is expressed in words as follows:

"There is a prayer between S0 and S if there is a noun phrase between S0 and S1, and there is a verb phrase between S1 and S"

The DCG notation is based on that used for context-free grammars (context-free grammars or CFGs, N. Chomsky), indicating hierarchical relationships constructions language, described by BNF ( Backus Normal Form or Backus-Naur form ), originally created to define the syntactic structure of language ALGOL60 (1960, John Backus), and widely used both to define the syntactic structure of programming languages n, to define syntactic structures of languages \u200b\u200bin general. Therefore, using DCG notation is possible to handle directly in Prolog context-free grammars. Context-free grammars are to be a simplification of ordinary grammar, which, for example, and referring to Castilian language, could take the following expression in DCG notation :

prayer -> sintagma_nominal, sintagma_verbal.

sintagma_nominal -> decisive name.

sintagma_verbal -> verb, sintagma_nominal.
sintagma_verbal -> verb.

decisive -> [a].
decisive -> [la].

name -> [man].
name -> [apple].

verb -> [eats].
verb -> [sings]. That

Prolog system (in this case SWI-Prolog ) automatically translates the next set of clauses:

prayer (A, B): - sintagma_nominal (A, C),
; sintagma_verbal (C, B).

sintagma_nominal (A, B): - determiner (A, C),
name (C, B).

sintagma_verbal (A, B): - verb (A, C),
sintagma_nominal (C, B).
sintagma_verbal (A, B): - verb (A, B).

determiner ([the

As is easily deduced, the program based on this limited Pequena grammar, only accepted as grammatically correct "man eats the apple", "the man sings," and similar combinations, including phrases such obviously grammatically incorrect as "the singing apple," the man eats, etc., returning an empty list, but will not accept such "dancing man" (the verb "dance" is not within the basis of facts or knowledge of the program.) It is therefore understood that a complete grammar, covering all possible structures, relationships and combinations of the constituent parts of a language requires a very complex and difficult to implement. In the example above, you can get all accepted as grammatically correct sentences by the grammar of the program, launched in the interpreter's next target:

? - Sentence (X ,[]).

Meanwhile, a very simple grammar for English, written by DCG

notation takes the following expression:

sentence -> noun_phrase, verb_phrase.

noun_phrase --> noun.
noun_phrase --> determiner, noun, rel_clause.

verb_phrase --> verb.

verb_phrase --> verb, noun_phrase.

rel_clause --> [].

rel_clause --> [that], verb_phrase.

determiner --> [the].

determiner --> [a].

noun --> [john].

noun --> [annie].

noun --> [man].

noun --> [men].

noun --> [woman].

noun --> [women].

...

verb --> [like].

verb --> [likes].

...

In the notation

DCG deleted

two parameters, an input list, and an output list. The first can be represented, for example, by prayer [the dog bite] and the second by an empty list [] is the result of checking the syntactic structure of that sentence by function n the parser

used. Additionally, you can add variables to grammars represented by DCG

notation, for example, to specify the gender and number. As

above, the DCG notation to add additional arguments, and also incorporate Prolog goals in the body of rules, the latter enclosed in braces {}. Additional arguments allow us to introduce eg correct grammar rules based on the conventions adopted by the target language representation, and avoid mistakes in the matching gender / number, etc. Also, by DCG notation is also possible to construct programs that can to represent parse trees of sentences (representing grammatical categories involved in the breakdown of its parts) and

syntactic trees (parse trees

) than a graphically show the structure as a tree falling in a certain grammar. As explained in the previous notation, the parser or parsers are responsible for the construction of parse trees of sentences of a language able to represent the phrase structure of the same. Following the example of the simple grammar in Castilian, as described above, the graphical representation of the parse tree of the sentence "the man eats the apple" looks like this , making use of this program it : ? - draw (or (sn (d (el), n (man)), sv (v (come), sn (d (la), n (apple ))))). or         sn

  

   Where

apple "or" = sentence, "sn" = noun phrase, "d" = Determinant, "n" = Name, "sv" = verb phrase, and "v" = Word. It should be noted that this program does the tree of analysis itself, which is:

or (sn (d (el), n (man)), sv (v (come), sn (d ( la), n (apple))))

simply holds its graphic representation in chart form
ASCII characters
. The source code of that program, originally called draw.swi

has been copied to a plain text editor and saved with the extension. "pl" to be executed by the SWI-Prolog interpreter

, although another option is to associate files with extension ". swi "with the executable of the interpreter. Its author is
Ludäscher
Bertram, the "University of California Davis."

Examples of notation

DCG and Prolog in Castilian are taken from Chapter 9, "Using Prolog grammar rules", paragraph 9.1, "The problem of parsing" of the WF Clocksin and work Mellish CS Programming in Prolog "(2 nd ed., Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 1993, ISBN: 84-252-1339-8), original English translation of" Programming in Prolog ", in I refer to a detailed explanation of grammar rules, parsing, and notation

DCG in Prolog, given that the authors reviewed are a clear and perfectly understandable the particular, perfectly accessible to people not too versed in this language. Meanwhile

example grammar English has been obtained from Chapter 17, "Language Processing with Grammar Rules", from the book "Prolog - Programming for Artificial Intelligence" (Ivan Bratko, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, 1990, ISBN: 0 -201-41606-9). This is a highly recommended book of more advanced and sophisticated than the Clocksin and Mellish, clearly more introductory, and as its name indicates it on one side the general Prolog language, and secondly its apply the main techniques in the field of IA (search and classification, expert systems and representation knowledge, PLN , Machine Learning, etc.). Finally, we mention another example of practical use of the notation

DCG and Prolog programming language, the library Html-write [1

] [ 2] [3

] shell and development environment

SWI-Prolog that translates Prolog terms in HTML , generating output in the latter language, for which uses precisely structures written in DCG notation

.

Más información ( PLN
y DCG s
en Prolog):



Adventure
in Prolog - 15.
Natural Language .


En

Learn
Prolog Now!

: 7.
Definite Clause Grammars , 8.
More Definite Clause Grammars (

P.
Blackburn

,
• J. Bos ,
  K.
  Striegnitz ).
  
  


• Logic, Programming and Prolog
  - 10. Logic and Grammars (monografía, en formato PDF; U. Nilsson,
  J. Maluszynski).
  
  
  Natural
  Language Processing in Prolog ( G. Gazdar, C. Mellish, another location). Parsing in Natural Language Processing
(
• Julia Lavid ).
• Parsing Techniques - A Practical Guide (paper, various formats, D. Grune, Jacobs JH Ceriel). Parsing techniques in Prolog (monograph format. "Doc", Klaus von Bremen).
• Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis (paper, PDF format, FCN Pereira, Shieber SM). Prolog Tutorial - 7. Introduction to Natural Language Processing
(
• J.R.
  Fisher ).
  
  


• Prolog Tutorial
  - Definite Clause Grammars (A. Aaby; otra
  ubicación
).
• 
  
  
  Natural
  Language Processing
(A. Aaby).
• 
  
  
  A
  Natural Language Processor (A. Aaby).
  
  


• Quick
  Prolog - Definite
  Clause Grammars (D.S. Robertson).
  
  


• Extended
  DCG's: Declarative Programming with State ( Peter
  Van Roy
).
• 
  
  
  ProNTo - Prolog Natural
  Language Tools
.
• 
  Specifically on DCG :
• Parsing in Prolog (
another location).
• Definite Clause Grammars
(

another location).

Perl Style Regular Expressions in Prolog

(
• another location). Introduction to Definite Clause Grammars
.
• CFGs and BNF:
• Programming Languages: BNF notation and other grammars . What is BNF notation?
Backus-Naur Form (in

FOLDOC).
Context-free grammar (in
• Wikipedia ).
• are part of the same set of class readings : Four Concepts in Programming Language Description: Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics and Metalanguage
.
• Grammatical Description of Syntax: The BNF Metalanguage .

Derivations, Ambiguity and Semantics

. Nonrecursive

Syntax: The Regular Expression

Metalanguage. Between
• Lexics and Syntax: Whitespace, Layout, Comment
Conventions.